Research Paper Essay Example for Free

Research Paper Essay Review of related literature and studies After the computer became popular to the people, the developers of schools website are taking years after. Only Derrick Meador quoted the â€Å"More and more homes across the country have internet access and having a school website that is up-to-date and well-organized is a great way to reach the school community.† He is also the author of â€Å"The Importance of School Website† sourced (www.teaching.about.com). In past years the proposal of school sites are limited to. Because it’s not affordable to have it only few can make. But now, lots of schools want to be part in the market. Related Reading Base on My reading, school site, is now important to this generation because more students are in advance when it came to studies. And more students want to study in online, because they don’t have time to go to school when it comes to the school class schedule. Related Literature Related Studies In conducting a school webpage, it helps the school to be part of school official site. Today  ¾ of universities and colleges has already webpage, they make their school more demand to the market i.e. the Far Eastern University (FEU), University of the Philippines (UP), De Lassalle State University (DLSU), Anteneo de Manila University (AdMU) they have their school website. It is easy for them that they can have more enrolee’s next semester. Today, the webpage of school is very important and it is the demand to the market even in abroad, the foreign nation schools is more focus in making school website. There is an advantage having an official webpage and today the Schools they have their proposal to make school sites. The people will inquire or visit through online and it is easy for them that they can inquire through online.

The Role of Technology In HSBC

The Role of Technology In HSBC HSBC is known as one of the largest financial and banking services industries in the global background. Background HSBC know largest industries in the global financial and banking services as a. The company is headquartered in London and has an international networks which composes of over 10, 000 offices in more than 82 states and territories within Asia-Pacific Region, Europe, United States of America, Africa and Middle East. HSBC Holdings Plc are regarded to have around 200,000 shareholders in over 100 nations as noted in listings in countries like New York, Bermuda, Paris and Hong Kong. HSBC Holdings Plc, the company is located in east London and an international network which composes the mid 10, 000 offices and more than 82 African states and regions within Asia Pacific region, Europe, United States of America are , counting the 100 countries around 200,000 shareholders in countries such as New York as mentioned in the listing, Bermuda, Paris and Hong Kong. Because of the globa l network connects by the implementation of advances technology like the internet and information communication technology, the company has been able to provide an intensive range and reach of financial services which includes commercial banking, investment banking and market personal financial services, and other banking and financial products and services. The business philosophy of HSBC gives important to values and principles in all aspects of everyday living. Because of the global network communications and information technology like the Internet by following links to technology development, corporate and other, has been to provide services worth an extensive range financial and personal financial services to reach including commercial banking, investment banking and markets, banks and financial products and services. HSBCs business philosophy in all aspects of everyday life and gives the principles of values is necessary. INTRODUCTION OF HSBC: HSBC Introduction: HSBC is one of the largest banking groups in the world today. HSBC todays worlds biggest banking group is one. It has been ranked fifth largest company in Forbes Global 2000 and the third largest banking company as well. Forbes Global, the company in 2000 was ranked fifth largest and third largest banking company as. HSBC head office is located in the HSBC Tower in Londons Canary Wharf. HSBCs head office tower in Canary wharf London, HSBC is located. The HSBC group is named after its founding member, the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, a bank established by, a Scot, to finance British trade in the Far East in 1865. Member HSBC Group is named after its founder, Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, a bank founded by a Scot, in the 1865 Far East Finance business in the UK. HSBC has about 10,000 offices worldwide with 232,000 employees in 76 countries and territories. HSBC regions and 76 countries with 232,000 employees worldwide with about 10,000 offices. With its 110 million customers worldwide, a total of 16.5 million are e-based. 110 million from its worldwide customers, a total of 16.5 million is based on E. HSBC has really proven that it is The worlds local bank. HSBC has proved that it really the worlds local bank. The bank is the second largest corporation in the world in terms of assets. Bank assets in the world of words is the second largest corporation. It reports its results in US Dollars since 80% of its earnings come from outside the UK. This revenue comes from outside the UK in the U.S. results reported 80% of the dollar. Nearly 22% of its earnings comes from operations in Hong Kong. Before moving the headquarters to London in1991, it was headquartered in Hong Kong. Approximately 22% of the revenue operations in London, Hong Kong Kong headquarters before arrival. in1991, was located in Hong. Has the organization restructured recently? Recently reorganized company? If yes, why? 1) If yes, why? If no, why not? 2) If not, why not? What have been the consequences? 3) What results have been? Would most complex, large organizations have several functional grouping approaches? Does this matter? 4) is the most complex, large organizations view is planning several work groups? What? HSBC is a public limited company incorporated in England and Wales. HSBC Wales, a public limited company incorporated in England. Headquartered in London, the HSBC group operates in five regions: Europe; Hong Kong; the rest of Asia Pacific; including the Middle East and Africa; North America; and South America. Located in London, HSBC in five working groups in the region: Europe, Hong Kong, the rest of Asia Pacific, Africa and the Middle East including, North America and South America. The entities in which form the HSBC Group provide a comprehensive range of financial services to personal, commercial, corporate, institutional and investment, and private banking client. To more easily promote the Group as a whole, HSBC launched a campaign to differentiate its brand from those of its competitors by describing the unique characteristics which distinguish HSBC, summarized by the words The worlds local bank. A wide range of financial services for private corporation, as, commercial group s and investment institutions, and private banking clients. Promoting more easily provided in the institutions which form HSBC Group, HSBC brand difference between the start of the campaign for HSBC prominent features unique compared to those defined by, Proceedings of the words from The worlds local bank. Through the years since 2004, HSBC has gone through a lot of changes. Years since 2004, HSBC has gone a lot of changes. In 2004, the Bank of Bermuda joined the Group and minority stakes were acquired in Indias UTI Bank and Chinas Bank of Communications Ltd. In the UK, HSBC bought the retail financial services arm of the Marks and Spencer Group. In 2004, Bank of Bermuda joined the group and a minority stake in UTI Bank was acquired by India and China Bank of Communications UK Limited, HSBC group brought signs and Spencer retail financial services arm. The HSBC brand was adopted by its Mexican subsidiary, GF Bital, early in the year and in September the majority of the banks North American businesses, including Household International, were united under the name HSBC North America. HSBC North American brand business September of the majority of banks was adopted by Mexico, equipment and years GF, Bital skin, including Household International was the United Nations under the name HSBC N orth America. ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY HSBC: HSBC role of technology: Modern information technology (IT) is understood to be the result of a meeting between modern digital computing and communication technologies. Modern information technology (IT) and computing the modern digital communication technologies between the outcome of this meeting is to be understood. The significance of IT is as the core of an Information System which consists of a series of interactions between people, data, hardware and software, organizations and their social environment. The importance of this , is a foundation of information system which the social environment and their organization consisting of a series of conversations between people, data, hardware and software. Information and its connected technologies are now so vital to business success that information is regularly regarded as an independent issue of invention on a same level with capital, land and labor. Information and technology vital to business success now that information with the investors and workers, the level of invention on a routine matter as an independent count. In the twenty-first century every business manager must understand the role which information technology plays, not only in their organization but also in the wider society, within which their organization must compete. Competition, the twenty first century will be all business on their organization and understand the manager role should not information technology plays in society is widespread, organized them. A full understanding of information technology is impossible without considering its communication with the social world in which it has developed. A complete understanding of information technology has developed the world it is impossible without considering the social communication with him. Computer professionals who are ignorant of the social, political, and economic political aspect of their work are fated to be the put up of decision-makers who are. Computer professionals who work with them are ignorant, political, economic and political factor is social tolerance are lucky by which decision makers. In the real world a frequent cause of the failure of IT projects is an overlook of the human (including managerial and organizational) factors at work. No business or computing professional can, therefore, ignore the softer elements in Information Systems, which paradoxically, often prove the hardest to get right! Failure in the real world because of her projects is a continuous work in an organization), including the management of human factors and pass, any business or computing system, therefore, ignored information about business, can elements in Medium which, unlike, most of the right to prove the most difficult to achieve! THE COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT: computing environment: Linking together definitions of information and technology from the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, information technology means the systematic study of the industrial arts relating to the communication of instructive knowledge. Adding information with praise and English Dictionary Oxford technology from small, information knowledge of technology communication education means related art industrial training conducted. This definition includes studying printing, or, for that matter, smoke signals. Included in this definition, studied printing or, for that matter, smoke signals. However the general usage today, is more like the definition employed by (1988,) the application of computers and telecommunications to the collection, processing, storage, and dissemination of voice, graphics, text, and numerical information. However, general use today, storage is much appreciated by this work (1988, applied for) of telecommunications and computer storage, processing, and dissemination of s ound,, text, graphics, and numerical information . One famous development in recent years has been the convergence of communications and computer technology, with both becoming intensive users of data embodied in binary digital form and processed by microprocessors on silicon chips. Popular in recent years on developing a silicon processed by microprocessors and chips is in binary form with digital technology, computer and communications convergence was embodied both figures to be intense users. Therefore IT is normally used in the broad modern sense to encompass both computing and telecommunications technologies. In some books, IT is used more narrowly to refer principally to computing and ICTs to refer to information and communication technologies more generally. So this is the sense commonly used in modern comprehensive coverage of both computing and telecommunications technologies. Some books, usually it is used more narrowly refer technology and communications and for basic computing and information refer to the ICTs. If we consider the industrial and commercial implications of the employment of the new information technologies then we must take on board that the computer is a general purpose machine which mechanizes human brain-powered operations just as the Industrial Revolution mechanized human and animal muscle-powered operations . If we then consider the implications of new information technology jobs industrial trade and we must take on board power operation is a general purpose computer machine machine revolution muscular man and animals mechanizes the human brain only industrial strength operation. The impact of such a broadly applicable technology is inevitably widespread and far-reaching. Broadly applicable technology and its effect on reaching such a broad and excesses, yet. Computers have become a pervasive technology applied in all sectors of life, including industry, commerce, government, education and leisure activities. Computers have become leisure activities, and education, trad e, expanded a government, technology apply to all areas of life, including industry. For businesses, information technology is only a means to an end which is the use of knowledge to make and implement commercial decisions. For business, information technology, only a means to an end which is used in the decision to apply knowledge and trade. Efficient organizations require established systems to enable them to make the best possible decisions in the situations they are likely to meet. Organizations need to establish efficient and meet the systems potential to make the best decision possible situations are worthy of them. Thus an organizational information system should collect data, analyze, and present this as useful information that can be retrieved as the basis of expert knowledge at the point of decision. Thus, an organization information system should sum data analysis, and present it as a benefit that information can then decide based on expert knowledge. Once decisions are made they must be passed on to those who implement them, carried out, and the success or failure of the operation monitored. Decisions are carried by them for what they passed on, and success or failure of the surveillance operation outside a bar. Increasingly decisions can be automatically implemented using the technology, thus enabling organizational objectives to be achieved with maximum efficiency. Increase can be determined using techniques applied automatically, thus enabling organizational objectives with maximum efficiency can be achieved. DAY TO DAY BUSINESS: Business Day Day: Achieving Competitive Advantage to gain competitive Four alternative strategies for achieving competitive advantage: doing it better, marketing it better, doing it differently and making yourself indispensable. Better marketing, better four alternative strategies to achieve competitive advantage for doing, (it, are different and need to make yourself. Doing it better. First, the customer may be brought to think that your firm is doing the same thing better in some way than others either the product or service is better than others, or it is as good as others and produced more cheaply, or perhaps it is delivered more conveniently to the consumer. To do it better than before. , Customers may take more than cheap products that your firm is better at talking about what others some way either service or product is better than others or that, is as good as others, Or maybe it was more for the convenience of users is. The obvious way to do this is to deliver a better, cheaper or more convenient product. A higher specification product (eg a more durable one) can be produced to higher quality standards (eg fewer defective goods sold), with better production methods or cheaper sources of supply than competitors can find. Clear that the way to deliver more products feature a better, or cheaper.) A durable high specification products (eg goods at a cheap multiple, for example) can be produced (sold cheaper or higher quality standards, better production methods with more than competing sources of supply can find. The same product or service can be delivered to the door of consumers on demand rather than forcing them to wait for or collect the product. the product or products and services together to force them to wait to but the door may be asked to deliver users. Thus more sales and / or greater profits can be achieved. thus more sales and / or can benefit from. Marketing it better. On a suspicious note it must be sharp out that an other is to prove to your customers that they are getting some or all of these advantages without necessarily delivering them. Note that better marketing should be a quick one out of another dilemma that required them to prove the benefits without doing it all, or that your customer. A large sales or marketing effort may, to a degree, be a alternate for lead in the actual product. In the long term, though, it is probable that consumers in most markets cannot be fooled indefinitely. A big, try a degree in marketing or sales can, in fact led to product an alternative indefinitely long. In the term, though, is a fools also possible that users can not market the most. But, in any case, it must be said that many excellent products have failed to sell because the consumers did not know about them. But, no matter, they should be said about that many users did not know that the best selling product due to failed. In many cases effective brand management of a good product or service can effectively create a demand for, say, Coca-Cola which is different from the demand for soft drinks. In many cases very effective product or service brand management for a soft drink can effectively create a demand for, say, Coca application is different from the cola. Producers can create a sort of monopoly by establishing a difference between their version of the product and other versions. Manufacturers of other products and prescription versions of the difference between them established by a kind of monopoly can be. Doing it differently. An other strategy to achieve competitive advantage is to innovate, as we touched upon under the heading of intellectual property. Different from doing so. Another strategy to achieve competitive advantage to innovate, as we are touched upon the intellectual property under. If your product really is different in kind to the competition then a substantial competitive advantage may well result. If your product is different and in fact, how much competition competitive advantage may well result. Your new product will certainly be protected from competition by a time-lag before your competitors can invest in the necessary plant or skilled personnel to produce the new product. Will your new product to compete with a lag time necessary to secure required before products can your competitors or efficient investment in new staff ready to plant. You will probably generate a marketing advantage through being first in the field including free publicity in the media and per haps identification of the product with your brand name. You may benefit by creating a marketing area is being the first including the independent media and media in the name of their products with brand identity might. Additional protection may be available under patent law, design right and copyright. Additional security can be copyrighted and available right under design patent law. Making yourself indispensable. A more delicate strategy is to attempt to engineer a situation in which your service or product is taken for granted. Must make your own. A more delicate strategy is taken for granted is to engineer products or service status for what you. The customer does not stop to make comparisons but automatically re-orders your product or service. Customer service or product comparisons do not stop automatically re-order your. An example might be book or record clubs automatically delivering the current choice of the month. For example, maybe a month book club or record supply current selection automatically. At one stage IBM were happy to accept the myth that no one ever got fired for buying IBM. Corporate clients employees were trained in IBM technology, their managers were offered upgrades on existing equipment on favourable terms, and the effort required to move out of an assumption that the next generation of equipment would also come from the Big Blue was c onsiderable. An IBM platform for buying IBM was happy to accept the analogy is true that nobody ever got fired needs. Corporate clients employees were trained to IBM technology, according to upgrade their existing equipment manager had been offered terms, and was enough Blue moved to think that a big next generation equipment is coming too. SOCIAL ASPECT: social aspects: HSBC is being affected by the situation of the society in which they are operating. Along with this, HSBC tries harder to make sure that each society is given equal chances to take advantage of the resources given by the organisation. Work that is being affected social situation, with the HSBC HSBC tries hard to ensure that the organization provide to take advantage of every resource for society is given equal chances. The company hold fast to having good reputation and relations in the society that they belong. They hold fast to the companys good reputation and relationship that society. As you approach retirement you have hopefully created a retirement plan sufficient to maintain your lifestyle. Alternatively, you might look to start easing your way into retirement by working part time. As you near retirement, your life you hope to maintain adequate to create a retirement plan. Alternatively, you from working part time retirement easy way to start your can see. Your pension will pr obably be your main priority. Its important to think about whether it will be enough to provide income for a comfortable retirement at your desired retirement age. Your pension retirement age is perhaps his main desire. You prefer for a comfortable retirement, provided that income will be important enough to think about it. TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECT: Technical aspects: The appearance of information technology and internet affects how HSBC has been operating in the past years. Information Technology appearance and how the Internet affects HSBC has been operating in the past year. The company adopts different IT / IS systems and used internet to reach their customer all over the world and to know the latest trends in the global business. Different control company T / systems and Internet access in the world to reach their customers and businesses worldwide know the latest trends. Aside from these, the company also uses facilities which helps them improved their productions and operations.

Client Directed Outcome Informed Therapy (CDOI) Analysis

Client Directed Outcome Informed Therapy (CDOI) Analysis Taryn Slaughter Throughout the years, therapies have transitioned through different theories of change, model development and extensive research. For decades evidence based models of therapy were argued to be the best treatment for clients. Whilst therapy programs continued and expanded the rates of success did not. Slowly the perception of traditional models and treatments began to change and therapists began looking for alternatives to best suit the needs of their clients. Gradually the roles of therapist and client have changed and the client now has more involved in their treatment process. The client is no longer just a recipient of treatment; they are a partner in the planning, implementing and the outcomes. This essay will describe client directed outcome informed therapy and how it benefits clients with consistent positive treatment outcomes. The concept of Client Directed Outcome Informed therapy (CDOI) was developed through collaboration between Scott Miller and Barry Duncan (Duncan, Miller Sparks, 2004). After reviewing years of outcomes research, CDOI therapy was created in an attempt to meet the needs of individuals who had not responded to traditional models of therapy (Duncan, Miller Sparks, 2004; Duncan Moynihan, 1994). Through further studies and collaborations other forms of outcome and client directed models emerged. These other forms of therapy have been called Feedback Informed Therapy (FIT) and Partners for Change Outcome Management System (PCOMS) (Miller, Duncan, Sorrell Brown, 2004). All three forms of therapy focus on the same principle of providing treatment for clients that is best suited to their individual needs. CDOI therapy has no fixed treatment, model, practice or intervention. The client directed aspect of CDOI therapy ensures that the differences between individuals are understood (Duncan, Miller Sparks, 2004). Practitioners performing CDOI therapy with clients acknowledge that each individual is different by structuring treatments to meet the needs of each client (Duncan Moynihan, 1994). The process of structuring treatment for each individual requires an understanding of the client’s strengths weaknesses and resources to obtain the best possible outcome (Norcross Wampold, 2010). Once these are understood, the client and therapist are then able to outline the desired goals of the client and implement treatments best suited to the client. The relationship between client and therapist enables the process of establishing goals and treatment options in any therapy. The relationship (or alliance) is built early in the initially stages of therapy (Barber, Connolly, Crits-Christoph, Gladis, Siqueland, 2000). The strength of the alliance is determined on the ability of the client and therapist to work together in a mutually respective, trusting and supportive environment (Klee, Abeles Muller, 1990). A therapist must be able to overcome any early resistance to therapy or formation of alliance to ensure the treatments being provided will meet the needs of the client. Research has shown that the strength of the alliance is a significant indicator to the outcomes of treatment. A meta-analytical review conducted by Martin, Garske and Davis (2000) examined a number of studies which observed alliance and outcomes of treatment. It was found that the alliance formed between therapist and client was the most significant indicator of outcome. These findings are consistent with the other alliance focused research (Klee, Abeles Muller, 1990; Krupnick et al., 1996; Meier, Barrowclough Donmall, 2005) which shows that a strongly built alliance results in more positive outcomes then those client/therapist relationships with inconsistent or weakly formed alliances. The outcome informed aspect of CDOI therapy involves the process of compiling feedback throughout treatment. This process provides indicators on whether the selected treatment is affective for the client and meeting their needs (Duncan, Miller Sparks, 2004). A number of studies have shown the effectiveness of ongoing feedback between counsellor and client and positive outcomes of treatment (Claiborn, Goodyear Horner, 2001; Lambert Shimokawa, 2011). Therapists can use the information gathered through feedback to either continue with current treatments or make adjustments where required to continue to work towards treatment goals (Duncan, Miller Sparks, 2004). The most important aspect of this process is that the client is the one expressing how the treatment is working for them, maintaining to the principle of CDOI therapy. There are many different terms used in professional practise when collecting feedback. There are also a number of different methods used when compiling information transmitted between therapist and client. In CDOI and other client and outcome focused therapies many therapists use the Outcome Ratings Scale (ORS) and Session Rating Scale (SRS) (Miller, Duncan, Sorrell Brown, 2004). Both scales allow the therapist to gain an understanding on the level of alliance formed and the success of the treatment being utilised. Consistent feedback from the client ensures that the alliance is still strong and the treatment is being effective in reaching the clients goals (Shaw, 2014). Other models of treatment and therapies such as Counselling and Medical models have more specific structures and guidelines. These models of therapy use the process of diagnosing a problem and then utilising a specific therapy to treat that problem (Mozdzierz, Peluso Lisieki, 2011). Through evidence based practise, problems and therapies are linked together from previous studies and research in the areas where there have been previous successful outcomes. Therapies such as Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) are linked with previous results in treating diagnosed disorders such as anxiety and depression (Butler, Chapman, Forman Beck, 2006; Tolin, 2010). These therapies are classified under the medical model of treatment and would be used by therapists after diagnoses of anxiety or depression has been made. The difference between these models and the CDOI therapy model is that there is no distinct diagnoses and treatment structure. Each client is evaluated on their own strengths, weaknesses and ideas about treatment. Goals and treatment options are set by both the client and the therapist to ensure all needs of the client are being met, not just the symptoms of a disorder that may be present resulting in a diagnoses (Duncan, Miller Sparks, 2004). Other models of therapy are more restricted in the types of treatments provided and do not allow for individual characteristics of each client. When adopting the CDOI method there is no need to completely discard other models such as the Counselling Model of treatment. CDOI therapy can draw from these different models and modify the structure to suit the client, instead of following the guidelines that may not be appropriate in every case (Duncan Moynihan, 1994). There have been many cases of successful outcomes for clients using evidence based therapies in the past (Butler, Chapman, Forman Beck, 2006; Tolin, 2010). However CDOI therapy is an alternative to these therapies that can be structured to meet the needs of any client by minimising the risk of negative outcomes. There are a number of strategies that can be used by a professional counsellor to improve their outcomes when using CDOI therapy. The importance of alliance between client and therapist has been proven to be a significant indicator of outcome. To build an alliance a professional needs to build a strong, safe and trusting relationship with the client (Norcross Wampold, 2010). A professional counsellor needs to understand the processes involved to build and maintain a strong alliance throughout treatment. Building strong interpersonal skills is one way a professional can achieve a strong alliance. To assess interpersonal skills, a professional can use the Social Skills Inventory (SSI) and the Facilitative Interpersonal Skills (FIS) Performance task questionnaires (Anderson, Ogles, Patterson, Lambert Vermeersch, 2009). These questionnaires measure social and emotional aspects of individual’s interpersonal skills. These aspects are important in building a successful alliance between professional and client which has shown to be a strong indicator of positive outcome. Building on interpersonal skills can be achieved through continuing regular training and education. By continuing education, a professional counsellor can remain current with ongoing research, therapies and treatments and build on existing skills (Norcross Wampold, 2011). By utilising further education a professional can use new ideas to improve outcomes in future cases. One other strategy relates to the feedback process between therapist and client. A successful indicator of outcome, the feedback process is important (Claiborn, Goodyear Horner, 2001). A professional counsellor needs to use a simple and quick system of collecting feedback so that the process doesn’t become overwhelming for the client (Lambert Shimokawa, 2011). This process can only lead to positive outcomes for the professional and client. Conclusion- No one model has proven superiority over another References Anderson, T., Ogles, B M., Patterson, C. L., Lambert, M. J., Vermeersch, D. A. (2009). Therapist Effects: Facilitative Interpersonal Skills as a Predictor of Therapist Success. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 65(7), 755-768. Barber, J. P., Connolly, M. B., Crits-Christoph, P., Gladis, L., Siqueland, L. (2000). Alliance Predicts Patients’ Outcome Beyond In-Treatment Change in Symptoms. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(6), 1027-1032. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.68.6.1027. Butler, A. C., Chapman, J. E., Forman, E. M., Beck, A. T. (2006). The empirical status of cognitive-behavioural therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Clinical Psychology Review, 26(1), 17-31. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.07.003. Claiborn, C. D., Goodyear, R. K., Horner, P. A. (2001). Feedback. Psychotherapy:Theroy, Research. Practise, Training, 38(4), 401-405. doi:10.1037/0033-3204.38.4.401. Duncan, B. L., Miller, S. D., Sparks, J. A. (2004). The Heroic Client. A revolutionary way to improve effectiveness through client-directed, outcome informed therapy. Sanfrancisco, California: John Wiley Sons. Duncan, B. L., Moynihan, D. W. (1994). Applying Outcome Research: Intentional Utilization Of The Clients Frame Of Reference. Psychotherapy, 31(2), 294-301. doi: 10.1037/h0090215. Johnson, L., Brown, J., Anker, M. Becoming Outcome Informed. In Duncan, B. L., Miller, S. D., Sparks, J. A. (2004). The Heroic Client. A revolutionary way to improve effectiveness through client-directed, outcome informed therapy (pp. 81-118). Sanfrancisco, California: John Wiley Sons. Klee, M. R., Abeles, N., Muller, R. T. (1990). Therapeutic Alliance: Early Indicators, Course and Outcome. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practise, Training, 27(2), 166-174. doi: 10.1037/0033-3204.27.2.166. Krupnick, J. L., Sotcky, S. M., Simmens, S., Moyer, J., Elkin, I., Watkins, J., Pilkonis, P. A. (1996). The role of the therapeutic alliance in psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy outcome: Findings in the National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program. Journal Of Consulting And Clinical Psychology,64(3), 532-539. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.64.3.532. Lambert, M. J., Shimokawa, K. (2011). Collecting client feedback. Psychotherapy, 48(1), 72-79. doi:10.1037/a0022238. Martin, D. J., Garske, J. P., Davis, M. (2000). Relation of the therapeutic alliance with outcome and other variables: A meta-analytical review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(3), 438-450. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.68.3.438. Meier, P. S., Barrowclough, C., Donmall, M. C. (2005). The role of the therapeutic alliance in the treatment of substance misuse: a critical review of the literature. Addiction, 100(3), 304-316. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00935.x Miller, S. D., Duncan, B. L., Sorrell, R., Brown, G. S. (2004). The Partners for Change Outcome Management System. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 61(2), 199-208. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20111. Mozdzierz, G. J., Peluso, P. R., Lisieki, J. (2011). Evidence-Based Psychological Practices and Therapist Training: At the Crossroads. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 51(4), 439-464. doi:10.1177/0022167810386959. Norcross, J. C., Wampold, B. E. (2010). What Works for Whom: Tailoring Psychotherapy to the Person. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 67(2), 127-132. doi. 10.1002/jclp.20764. Norcross, J. C., Wampold, B. E. (2011). Evidence based therapy relationships: Research conclusions and clinical practices. Psychotherapy, 48(1), 98-102. doi: 1037/a0022161. Shaw, S. W. (2014). Monitoring Alliance and Outcome with Client Feedback Measures. Journal of Mental Health Counselling,36(1), 43-57. Tollin, D. F. (2010). Is cognitive-behavioural therapy more effective than other therapies? A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(6), 710-720. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.05.003.

Paideia, Schole, Paidia: Then and Now :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Paideia, Schole, Paidia: Then and Now ABSTRACT: Aristotle centers the citizen’s education (paideia) on leisure (schole). Its features, especially of play (paidia), are evoked to remedy deficiencies in three contemporary philosophies of leisure: classical, critical and communitarian. Paideia, the citizen's education, is extensively tied up with liberal studies in most of Aristotle's discussion in book eight of the Politics. But this tie-up intellectualizes the leisure at their root in the first few chapters of the book. While my undergraduates in leisure studies always need to be drawn up from their sole focus upon sport, perhaps my philosophy colleagues need relief to de-intellectualize paideia back down to schole. There are dimensions of Aristotle's comments which are remedial to contemporary streams of leisure theory. This paper will recapitulate his comments, then apply them to three types of contemporary theory. His first chapter justifies the reason why politics is not meddling when it takes an interest in the formation of its citizens. This is because any constitution will not be workable unless citizens' characters, their virtues, are compatible with it. His second chapter opens what should be taught. Without doubt, useful things should be taught. But not all useful things: useful things which "vulgarize" the citizen should not. To vulgarize is to make one less fit for the practice of virtue, the city's concern. Any occupation, art or science can vulgarize. An occupation will, if it is paid employment; that degrades the mind by absorbing it. An art will, if it deforms the body; the Spartans did that, by their excruciating and savage routines. And a science will, if it is pursued to its perfection of detail. Our bywords about workaholic compulsions, steroid stars, and nerdy scholars, show that we experience the three instances he speaks of, even if paradoxes appear that do not trouble him. Why learn anything at all that is useful, if we can't earn a living at it? How is it virtuous to be never the master but ever a dabbler? Is it not inherent in science to drive us to its ultimate details, one way toward its principles and another toward its applications? These three are more localized problems, however, than his fourth limitation on useful education. That the very same activity is first excluded from the teachable useful, and then is re-included merely by a change in its object, touches our Aristotle with an anachronistic subjectivity, whereby the subject constitutes whatever identity the object has.

Information Technology †Wireless local-area Networks (WLAN) :: essays research papers

Information Technology – Wireless local-area Networks (WLAN) In today’s world where organizations need to keep in contact with employees there seem to be more ways than ever to stay connected. This can be a burden for small organizations that do not have a large information technology (IT) staff to keep them updated with the latest technologies (Cisco, 2004). A significant way for employees to stay in touch besides cell phones, laptops and hand held computers is wireless local area networks (WLAN). Also known as LAWN, a wireless local-area network uses high frequency radio waves rather than wires to communicate between computers or other devices (Webopedia, 2004). Business owners are now recognizing the benefits of incorporating wireless network into their organizations. A wireless local area network can be very beneficial because of its mobility and increased employee productivity, but organizations still harbor doubts about its security and reliability. Wireless local area networks (WLAN) provide a variety of benefits to an organization. It can provide mobility and flexibility, which can all lead to improvements in productivity and business opportunities (Wireless LAN, 2004). Wireless local area networks (WLANs) keep mobile workers connected without information technology (IT) professionals having to install wiring through out a building. Temporary workspaces can be set up and internet access can be made available in different meeting locations without the need to rewire. Wireless Internet service providers (WISPs) are also offering access at various locations that would make it convenient to travelers and mobile workers (Public Access, 2004). They are able to connect their laptops or other devices without wires or having to find a data port in airports or hotels. Unlike the past when employees worked from the same location, organizations today enjoy more freedom and flexibility in their workforces because of wireless local area net works (Cisco, 2004). Both organizations and employees enjoy a combination of improved speed, collaboration and accuracy when they invest in a wireless local-area network (Intel, 2004). Wireless local-area networks (WLAN) have given workers the advantage of completing their work away from their office and as a result improve their overall productivity. NOP World through an independent survey discovered that wireless local-area network (WLAN) users stay connected long enough to show an increase in productivity (NOP World, 2003). Different organizations using wireless networks enable their employees to gain access to valuable information pertaining to the business whenever necessary. Not only would vital data be available that could aid an employee in closing a deal, but time could also be saved when correspondences can be answered quickly and at any place via e-mail.

Giuliani :: essays research papers

When Mayor Giuliani first began his campaign for mayor he placed a strong emphasis on quality of life, crime, business, and education. This strategy proved to be very successful and he was appointed as the 107th Mayor of New York. As Giuliani began his term began to follow through on his promises and made several changes in many of New York’s important bureaus ("Biography of Rudolph,† n.d.). The first task that Giuliani took was that of decreasing the amount of crime that was present in New York. He implemented new strategies that have since become models that many other large cities from around the world have followed. While Giuliani was mayor, overall crime was down 57%, and murder was decreased by 65%. With these statistics, New York was recognized by the FBI as the safest large city in the world for five continuous years ("Biography of Rudolph,† n.d.). Another area that Giuliani implemented change was in the area of welfare. At the beginning of his term as mayor, one out of seven New York residents was on welfare. Giuliani started a program which would bring work to these residents and help them to become able to support themselves financially. Through this program 640,000 people were able to get off welfare and stop relying on welfare money provided by the government ("Biography of Rudolph,† n.d.). The last area that Giuliani brought change to was the area of education. Giuliani felt that this was a very important and focused on increasing money for education and bringing up standards. He helped to bring the student-teacher ratio to the lowest it had been in many years and increased available money for education by four million dollars.

My Car Crash Crisis

How could my dad and brother survive without gravy with our Sunday dinner? Unfortunately the store cupboard was sadly lacking in anything resembling< â€Å"Bisto†, none the less myself and my little sister were strapped into the back of Mum's car trying to find one of those little shops which my mum describes as â€Å"life savers† for the working mother where she could purchase some gravy granules and ensure that peace reigned at the Sunday dinner table. I should add at this stage my mother was heavily pregnant with my little brother. I personally had no objection to this little excursion as it gave me the opportunity to get some sweets. Then again I was thinking I would probably get plenty of sweets at my friend Suzanne's party which I was due to go to that afternoon. I was really looking forward to Suzanne's party. All those different coloured balloons just waiting to be burst but little did I know that it was my â€Å"happiness balloon† which was about to be burst. Mum was driving along the road and was pulling into her little Filling Station lifesaver. As we pulled across I saw a brown jeep heading towards us but it didn't seem to be slowing down. I was strapped in the back passenger seat and my little sister Kathy was in her baby seat I could hear my mum shout but I am not sure what she said. She tried to make it to the car park but even Michael Schumacher would have found it impossible. I remember vividly seeing the lady driver of the other vehicle. Her face was white and her mouth was open and her eyes filled with fear. That split second seemed to last forever and was only interrupted by the wailing screech of brakes. Time was once again frozen as my mind filled with questions-what would happen to my mum? -What would happen to my sister? -What would happen to me? All our lives were hanging on this frozen moment in time especially mine as the jeep was heading straight for the rear passenger door. The noise of metal striking erupted as pieces of the car door, the car pillar and a shower of glass made contact with my body. The front passenger seat came crashing backwards jamming my leg. Fortunately I was wearing my seatbelt otherwise I feel sure I would have gone either over my baby sister or straight through the window. I suddenly had a flash back of my brother and I driving along the road at the edge of a ravine where there was no fence at the edge of the road and I was frightened of our car falling down the steep mountainside into the valley below. My brother reassured me and told me that all I had to do was brace myself. I grabbed his cyber pet ad clung desperately to it. I could feel wet fluid rolling down my face and the screams of my little sister with her eyes scrunched up as she screeched uncontrollably. My mum was already out of the car at this stage and undoing our belts. I realised the fluid running down was in fact tears not blood. In the distance I could hear sirens blazing. As my mum continued to fumble with the seatbelts and try and extract my little sister and me from the car I saw a †¦ smiling policewoman looking in at me. She offered me her hand but when I got out I realised I had forgotten my brothers cyber pet so I broke free from the policewoman's grasp and grabbed it. She then took me to the side of the pavement beside my mum and little sister and set us all on the adjoining wall. She reassured me that my mum, sister and I would all be okay. I began to shiver uncontrollably and my head started to spin and it was only then that I became aware of the gash on my leg. I just could not seem to get warm realising this a policeman came over and gave me his jacket whilst my mum phoned my dad and called him to the scene. I remember my mum crying, as she was concerned about my sister, her unborn child and myself. The lady in the other car was very supportive and friendly but I was so glad when dad arrived and took us home. My mum was very keen to take me to hospital to have me checked out but I could not bear to be taken anywhere strange or to be parted from my family. I just wanted the warmth comfort and protection of our own home. When we got home mum and dad cuddled us on the settee and gave us a warm blanket with cups of steaming hot chocolate thankfully our next door neighbour who is a GP came and tended to us. Thank goodness no one received any serious injury and my cuts and bruises soon healed. When I look back on the accident I feel very glad I had my seat belt on because otherwise my injuries would have been much worse and I am also glad my mum was driving a large heavy car which absorbed a lot of the impact but more than anything ever I realised something for the first time just how precious life is and that we should always try to enjoy each day.